Chapter 5

Contrast

The main principle of contrast is that "if two items are not exactly the same, then make them different, Really different". Contrast is probably the best way to make your page look more appealing to the reader.

• Don't be a wimp!
• Make your objects on the page different so they stand out. The more different the objects are the more they stand out.
• To make things stand out make their font, color, texture, size, etc. very different.
• if some of the objects on the page are hard to see or doesn't stand out. Make sure the object stands out from its background.
• Make sure the headings and key features are easily spotted by the eye by using different methods of contrast.
• Making boxes or using underline can make certain parts of your work stand out. The lines attract attention and therefore make the object stand out.
• Using a bold font for headings and a smaller and thinner font for writing is a common method of contrast. Then the key features stand out compared to the writing, so you know the main idea.
• Using a borderline to your page or for certain elements help to make your objects stand out.
• Using pictures as backgrounds make the picture stand out and it makes sure the reader sees the picture.
• 

Chapter 4

Repetition

The main principle of repetition states that you"Repeat some aspect of the design throughout the entire piece. The element of repetition can be anything such as font, color, format, spacing,etc.

• when you use the same font while writing your title you are using repetition. Repetition elements vary.
• Repetition is like consistency, if you stay consistent throughout your work it will look more professional, cohesive and be easy to understand.
• using bold font for the most important pieces of information is a very good use of repetition. The bold font attracts the eye and knows the key points of the item.
• Headings are also written in bold to show their importance. It shows they are the key points or main ideas.
• If you use things like headers or certain types of lines on your page make sure u use them throughout your piece of work.
• If you use many different types of bullet points the observer will be confused. Use the same type of bullet point all the time for a good look.
• For small details of a certain thing use the same font. it should be smaller than the font of the heading. Then the observer knows the difference between key points and small details.
• Use the same type of indent to make sure your work is clear and simplified so he eye concentrates on the important things instead of the type of bullet points and etc.
• Use repetition to show the reader the importance of each item on the page. The more important the item the bigger or bolder it should be.

Chapter 3

Alignment

• The main principle of alignment is that “Nothing should be placed on the page arbitrarily. Every item should have a visual connection with something else on the page”.
• New amateur designers tend o place things anywhere on the page where there is space. This creates a messy look.
• When items are aligned with each other and separated physically, there are invisible lines created in your mind that put the information together.
• If everything is placed at random then you don’t see the connection between the objects.
• If you align all similar information then your mind will be able to connect them together and read it easily.
• If your text is centered it is easy to see the information groups, but a strong alignment would make the information even easier to read.
• If you use a combination of grouping important information and aligning them to show the information clearly you item will be easy to understand and follow.

Chapter 2

Proximity

There are different aspects to grouping things together. These are the aspects of proximity.

• if you separate important facts by placing them in different places the information will be very hard to read and understand. But, if you group them close o each other the information is simplified and easier to read.
  
• If information that is not related is grouped together, then it might not make sense at all and completely confuse the reader. It is vital that the objects that are grouped together are related.
• Grouping information like a glossary in books and fliers makes finding information a lot easier. If this were all in one group then finding the information you need will take a long time.
• Grouping things by using a certain font, text box or just placing them close to each other makes things a lot easier.

Chapter 1

The four aspects of Design

The different aspects of design help the designer create or make something, for example a poster or flier.

• It is very important to name the principles in order to use hem effectively.
• contrast is when you make something stand out on the page by making it a different color font, etc. This helps to see all the different objects on the page and make the page interesting.
  
• alignment is the relationship between the different objects on the page. This makes the page look clean and sophisticated.
  
• proximity is grouping similar things together. This way information is a lot easier to see and read. They become more like one unit instead of several.
  
• repetition is using same element, picture, colors, etc. again on the same page. It creates a sense of organisation.
  

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Creativity and Design preocess

What is creativity?

Creativity is a very well respected talent.However, there are different types of creativity which is not always fully understood or easy to follow. Creativity often gets confused with originality, but they an be very different. Originality is something that has never been done or made before. But, creativity is a collection of existing ideas formed in a new way or with a different concept. The best creators are usually very experimental and need to be able to solve problems that come up. Creators become better by making mistakes and learning from them and adapting their work.

Design Process

The design process is like the guidelines to creating a new design or creation. First you must plan what what you are creating and investigate it. Then you evaluate your plan add on to it if nececary and then create the final product. Most pieces of great design follow this process to avoid errors and faults. This process makes it easy to spot if you are missing something or need to add something in. It could also nspire you to better your creation. The design process is a very useful tool to use while creating designs.

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A Comparison of Scientific Research method and Design Process models

	Research method	Design process
Preparation for research	Literature review	Study historic and contemporary examples, media
Information gathering. Goal: to limit variables and identify problem	Collection of preliminary field data	Experimentation with materials and visual ideas
Identification of problem and hypothesis	Information correlated; problem defined; educated guesses made; hypotheses stated; research design prepared	Design problem identified through visual analysis and recognition
Exposition of facts and interpretation	Research plan is carried out; results are analyzed, plan is modified as necessary based on results; experiments are replicated	Work is created in a series, with each work suggesting problems to explore in subsequent work
Presentation of results and findings	Publication of findings	Exhibition of work or production of design